Even before the main thrust of military action has begun, the joint operations have already sparked significant displacement in North and South Kivu. While estimates of numbers remain tentative, people have fled in response to warnings of imminent combat, actual outbreaks of fighting, and just plain fear, adding to the 1.2 million already displaced in earlier waves of fighting.
The nations of Africa have a long history of insecurity and instability. Today, the continent holds the highest number of people displaced due to conflict in the world, and their access to basic services such as clean water, food, healthcare and education is largely inadequate.
MONUC, the UN’s largest peacekeeping mission, has played a crucial role in the DRC’s progress, but now needs to evolve to help consolidate peace while leading efforts to rebuild. While peace has returned to many parts of the east, pockets of insecurity, abuse, displacement, and need persist.